Heart disease encompasses a range of conditions affecting the heart, including coronary artery disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, and valve disorders. It remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Major risk factors include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, obesity, and diabetes. Early detection through screenings like ECGs, echocardiograms, and calcium scoring CT scans is vital for prevention and treatment. Lifestyle changes—such as a heart-healthy diet, regular exercise, and quitting smoking—play a major role in reducing risk. Treatment may involve medications, medical procedures, or surgery. Ongoing management and early diagnosis significantly improve outcomes for individuals with heart disease.